Lumbar Disc Herniation & Sciatica: Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment
A clear guide to lumbar disc herniation and sciatica, covering the back and leg pain it causes, how it is diagnosed, and treatment options.
Treatment usually begins with
Specialist Assessment
Nerve & Movement Exam
Medical Management
Physiotherapy
Most cases improve with medication and physiotherapy, with surgery reserved for persistent or severe symptoms.
You may need this evaluated if...
A lumbar disc evaluation is recommended when these signs appear:
- Low back pain radiating down one leg
- Numbness or tingling in the leg or foot
- Weakness affecting the foot or leg
- Pain worsens with sitting, bending or coughing
Sciatica is common and often improves on its own, but persistent or worsening symptoms deserve a proper evaluation.
What is Lumbar Disc Herniation (Sciatica)?
A lumbar disc herniation occurs when the soft cushioning disc between spinal bones bulges or ruptures, often pressing on a nearby nerve and causing sciatica, pain that travels down the leg.
Common Cause of Sciatica
One of the most frequent reasons for leg pain radiating from the back.
Often Improves Naturally
Many cases settle within weeks with conservative care.
Nerve Pressure
Symptoms depend on which nerve root is affected.
Surgery is Selective
Reserved for persistent, severe or worsening cases.
Common Symptoms
- Low back pain radiating into the buttock and leg
- Numbness or tingling along the leg or foot
- Weakness in the foot or difficulty lifting the toes
- Pain that worsens with sitting or bending forward
- Pain relief when lying down
What Increases Your Risk
A combination of medical, lifestyle and hereditary factors can increase the likelihood of this condition.
How It Is Diagnosed
A structured assessment confirms the diagnosis and helps guide the right treatment plan.
1. Clinical & nerve exam
Straight leg raise and reflex tests help localise the affected nerve.
2. MRI of the spine
Confirms the disc herniation and its exact location.
3. Nerve conduction study, if needed
Used in select cases to assess nerve function.
Treatment Approaches
Medical Care
- Pain & Anti-inflammatory Medication
- Physiotherapy & Core Strengthening
- Activity Modification
- Epidural Injection, Where Appropriate
Surgical Care
When leg pain or weakness persists despite conservative care, a microdiscectomy can relieve pressure on the affected nerve.
Treatment decisions are based on symptoms, imaging, timing and overall health, not a single test.
Know When to Act
Recognising these signs early and acting promptly is important for the best outcome.
Book an Assessment
Schedule a consultation for a routine evaluation or ongoing symptoms.
- You have mild, improving back or leg pain
- You want a physiotherapy-first approach
- You want a second opinion on an existing MRI report
Seek Urgent Care
Call for emergency care immediately if you notice any of the following.
- Leg weakness is worsening or new
- You have loss of bladder or bowel control
- Pain is severe and not responding to medication
Not Sure What You Need?
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