Male Infertility: Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment
A clear guide to male infertility, covering causes, diagnostic tests and treatment options for couples trying to conceive.
Treatment usually begins with
Specialist Assessment
Semen Analysis
Medical Management
Fertility Care Team
Evaluation starts with a semen analysis, with treatment guided by the specific cause identified.
You may need this evaluated if...
A male infertility evaluation is recommended when:
- Unable to conceive after a year of trying
- History of varicocele or undescended testis
- Low sperm count on a prior test
- Hormonal or sexual function concerns
Male infertility is treatable in many cases, and a structured evaluation identifies the right path forward for you and your partner.
What is Male Infertility?
Male infertility refers to a man's reduced ability to conceive a child, often due to issues with sperm production, function or delivery, and is a factor in a significant share of infertility cases.
Common Factor
Male factors contribute to a significant proportion of infertility cases.
Many Treatable Causes
Varicocele, hormonal imbalance and infections are all treatable.
Structured Evaluation
A clear diagnostic pathway identifies the underlying cause.
Team-Based Care
Care is coordinated with fertility specialists where needed.
Common Symptoms
- Difficulty conceiving despite regular attempts
- Low sperm count or motility on testing
- Testicular pain, swelling or lump
- Reduced sexual desire or erectile difficulty
What Increases Your Risk
A combination of medical, lifestyle and age-related factors can increase the likelihood of this condition.
How It Is Diagnosed
A structured assessment confirms the diagnosis and helps guide the right treatment plan.
Semen Analysis
Assesses sperm count, motility and shape.
Hormone Testing
Checks testosterone and related hormone levels.
Physical Examination
Screens for varicocele and other structural causes.
Scrotal Ultrasound
Evaluates the testes and surrounding structures in detail.
Treatment Approaches
Medical Care
- Lifestyle changes to improve sperm health
- Hormonal treatment where an imbalance is identified
- Treatment of underlying infections
- Coordination with fertility specialists for assisted conception, if needed
Surgical Care
Varicocelectomy or correction of other structural causes may improve sperm parameters when a specific surgical cause is identified.
Treatment decisions are based on symptoms, test results, stone or condition size and overall health, not a single test.
Know When to Act
Recognising these signs early and acting promptly is important for the best outcome.
Book an Assessment
Schedule a consultation for a routine evaluation or ongoing symptoms.
- Difficulty conceiving after a year of trying
- Known varicocele or testicular concern
Seek Urgent Care
Call for emergency care immediately if you notice any of the following.
- Sudden, severe testicular pain
- Testicular swelling with fever
Not Sure What You Need?
Speak to a Care Guide and we'll help you choose the right urologist.
Talk to Care GuideA care guide can match your condition to the right urologist.
Share your concern or existing reports. We will help you choose the right hospital, doctor and appointment.
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