Epididymitis: Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment
A clear guide to epididymitis, covering symptoms, diagnosis and antibiotic treatment for this common cause of testicular pain.
Treatment usually begins with
Specialist Assessment
Scrotal Ultrasound
Antibiotic Treatment
Most cases are treated effectively with antibiotics and supportive care over one to two weeks.
You may need this evaluated if...
An epididymitis evaluation is recommended when these signs appear:
- Gradual onset of testicular pain and swelling
- Redness or warmth of the scrotum
- Pain that worsens over a day or two
- Fever with scrotal discomfort
Epididymitis responds well to prompt treatment, with most patients recovering fully within one to two weeks.
What is Epididymitis?
Epididymitis is inflammation of the epididymis, the coiled tube behind the testicle, usually caused by a bacterial infection, and is a common cause of testicular pain.
Common Cause of Scrotal Pain
One of the most frequent reasons for testicular pain in adult men.
Usually Bacterial
Most cases are caused by a urinary or sexually transmitted infection.
Gradual Onset
Symptoms typically build up over a day or two, unlike sudden testicular torsion.
Fully Treatable
Antibiotics resolve most cases without lasting effects.
Common Symptoms
- Testicular pain and swelling, usually gradual
- Redness or warmth of the scrotum
- Pain during urination
- Fever in more severe cases
What Increases Your Risk
A combination of medical, lifestyle and age-related factors can increase the likelihood of this condition.
How It Is Diagnosed
A structured assessment confirms the diagnosis and helps guide the right treatment plan.
Physical Examination
Assesses the pattern and location of pain and swelling.
Urine Tests
Check for an underlying infection.
Scrotal Ultrasound
Confirms the diagnosis and rules out testicular torsion, an emergency requiring different care.
Treatment Approaches
Medical Care
- Targeted antibiotic therapy
- Pain relief and anti-inflammatory medication
- Scrotal support and rest during recovery
Surgical Care
Surgery is rarely needed for epididymitis and is reserved for rare complications such as an abscess.
Treatment decisions are based on symptoms, test results, stone or condition size and overall health, not a single test.
Know When to Act
Recognising these signs early and acting promptly is important for the best outcome.
Book an Assessment
Schedule a consultation for a routine evaluation or ongoing symptoms.
- Gradual testicular discomfort needing evaluation
- Pain alongside urinary symptoms
Seek Urgent Care
Call for emergency care immediately if you notice any of the following.
- Sudden, severe testicular pain (needs immediate care to rule out torsion)
- Testicular pain with high fever
Not Sure What You Need?
Speak to a Care Guide and we'll help you choose the right urologist.
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