Undescended Testis: Diagnosis & Treatment in Children
A clear guide to undescended testis in children, covering diagnosis, timing of treatment and the surgical correction.
Treatment usually begins with
Pediatric Urology Assessment
Ultrasound (if needed)
Orchiopexy
Surgical correction is recommended within the first year to year and a half of life for the best long-term outcome.
You may need this evaluated if...
An evaluation is recommended when these signs appear:
- A testis not felt in the scrotum since birth
- One side of the scrotum appears smaller or empty
- A testis that has moved up after being felt in the scrotum earlier
- Diagnosis noted at a routine newborn check
Undescended testis is a common, well-understood condition in infants, and timely correction gives excellent long-term outcomes.
What is Undescended Testis (Cryptorchidism)?
Undescended testis, or cryptorchidism, occurs when one or both testes haven't moved down into the scrotum by birth, and is one of the most common conditions seen in newborn boys.
Common in Newborns
Affects a notable proportion of boys, more often if born prematurely.
Often Resolves on Its Own
Many cases descend naturally within the first few months.
Timing Matters
Correction is recommended within a defined early window for best outcomes.
Excellent Outcomes with Timely Surgery
Orchiopexy is a well-established, effective procedure.
Common Symptoms
- Testis not palpable in the scrotum
- Asymmetry between the two sides of the scrotum
- Testis that can be felt in the groin but not guided into the scrotum
What Increases Your Risk
A combination of medical, lifestyle and age-related factors can increase the likelihood of this condition.
How It Is Diagnosed
A structured assessment confirms the diagnosis and helps guide the right treatment plan.
Physical Examination
A pediatric urology examination confirms the diagnosis in most cases.
Ultrasound
Helps locate a testis that is difficult to feel on examination.
Follow-up Review
Monitors for natural descent in the first few months of life.
Treatment Approaches
Medical Care
- Observation during the first few months, as many cases resolve naturally
- Regular follow-up examinations to track testicular position
Surgical Care
Orchiopexy repositions the testis into the scrotum and fixes it in place, typically recommended between 6 and 18 months of age if natural descent hasn't occurred.
Treatment decisions are based on symptoms, test results, stone or condition size and overall health, not a single test.
Know When to Act
Recognising these signs early and acting promptly is important for the best outcome.
Book an Assessment
Schedule a consultation for a routine evaluation or ongoing symptoms.
- Testis not descended by a few months of age
- Follow-up needed after a newborn check finding
Seek Urgent Care
Call for emergency care immediately if you notice any of the following.
- Sudden testicular pain or swelling in a child
Not Sure What You Need?
Speak to a Care Guide and we'll help you choose the right urologist.
Talk to Care GuideA care guide can match your condition to the right urologist.
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