Pneumothorax (Collapsed Lung): Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment
A clear guide to pneumothorax, covering warning signs, diagnosis and treatment from observation to chest tube insertion.
Treatment usually begins with
Urgent Assessment
Chest X-Ray
Chest Tube Insertion
Treatment ranges from observation for small cases to chest tube insertion for larger or breathless presentations.
You may need this evaluated if...
A pneumothorax evaluation is recommended when these signs appear:
- Sudden, sharp chest pain on one side
- Sudden breathlessness
- Pain that worsens with breathing
- Rapid heartbeat with chest discomfort
Pneumothorax is effectively treated, and most patients recover fully with prompt care.
What is Pneumothorax (Collapsed Lung)?
A pneumothorax is a collapsed lung caused by air leaking into the space between the lung and chest wall, which can happen spontaneously or after an injury.
Can Be Spontaneous
May occur without any injury, especially in tall, thin young adults or those with lung disease.
Sudden Onset
Symptoms typically appear suddenly rather than gradually.
Size Matters
Treatment depends on how much of the lung has collapsed.
Recovers Well with Treatment
Most patients recover fully, though recurrence is possible.
Common Symptoms
- Sudden, sharp chest pain on one side
- Sudden breathlessness
- Rapid breathing or heartbeat
- Bluish skin in severe cases
What Increases Your Risk
A combination of medical, environmental and lifestyle factors can increase the likelihood of this condition.
How It Is Diagnosed
A structured assessment confirms the diagnosis and helps guide the right treatment plan.
Chest X-Ray
Confirms the diagnosis and estimates the size of the collapse.
CT Scan
Provides more detail in complex or recurrent cases.
Pulse Oximetry
Checks blood oxygen levels.
Treatment Approaches
Medical Care
- Observation with follow-up imaging for small pneumothoraces
- Supplemental oxygen
- Needle aspiration for select cases
Procedural Care
Chest tube insertion drains the trapped air for larger pneumothoraces, and surgery (VATS) is considered for recurrent or non-resolving cases.
Treatment decisions are based on symptoms, test results, lung function and overall health, not a single test.
Know When to Act
Recognising these signs early and acting promptly is important for the best outcome.
Book an Assessment
Schedule a consultation for a routine evaluation or ongoing symptoms.
- Mild chest discomfort needing evaluation
- Prior pneumothorax with new symptoms
Seek Urgent Care
Call for emergency care immediately if you notice any of the following.
- Sudden severe chest pain and breathlessness
- Bluish lips or fainting
Not Sure What You Need?
Speak to a Care Guide and we'll help you choose the right pulmonologist.
Talk to Care GuideA care guide can match your condition to the right pulmonologist.
Share your concern or existing reports. We will help you choose the right hospital, doctor and appointment.
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