Hematuria (Blood in Urine): Causes & Diagnosis
A clear guide to hematuria, covering possible causes, the diagnostic workup and when to seek urgent evaluation.
Treatment usually begins with
Specialist Assessment
Urine Test
Imaging
Cystoscopy
Evaluation focuses on identifying the underlying cause, from a simple infection to a stone or, less commonly, a growth.
You may need this evaluated if...
A hematuria evaluation is recommended when these signs appear:
- Visible blood in the urine, even once
- Pink, red or cola-coloured urine
- Blood in urine found on a routine test
- Blood in urine with pain or urinary symptoms
Most causes of blood in the urine are treatable, and a prompt evaluation identifies the cause so the right treatment can begin.
What is Hematuria (Blood in Urine)?
Hematuria is the presence of blood in the urine, which can be visible to the eye or detected only on a urine test, and always warrants evaluation to identify the cause.
Never Normal
Blood in the urine should always be evaluated, even if it resolves on its own.
Many Possible Causes
Infections, stones and, less commonly, growths can all cause hematuria.
Two Types
Visible and microscopic hematuria both need evaluation.
Cause-Directed Treatment
Treatment depends entirely on what the workup identifies.
Common Symptoms
- Visible pink, red or cola-coloured urine
- Blood detected on a routine urine test
- Pain during urination, if related to infection or stones
- Flank pain, if related to a kidney condition
What Increases Your Risk
A combination of medical, lifestyle and age-related factors can increase the likelihood of this condition.
How It Is Diagnosed
A structured assessment confirms the diagnosis and helps guide the right treatment plan.
Urine Analysis and Culture
Confirms hematuria and checks for infection.
Imaging (Ultrasound or CT)
Looks for stones, structural causes or masses.
Cystoscopy
A scope directly examines the bladder lining when indicated.
Urine Cytology
Examines urine cells in select cases.
Treatment Approaches
Medical Care
- Treatment of an underlying infection
- Management of an identified stone or other cause
- Follow-up testing to confirm resolution
Surgical Care
Treatment is directed entirely by the underlying cause identified during evaluation, ranging from medication to a procedure for stones or other findings.
Treatment decisions are based on symptoms, test results, stone or condition size and overall health, not a single test.
Know When to Act
Recognising these signs early and acting promptly is important for the best outcome.
Book an Assessment
Schedule a consultation for a routine evaluation or ongoing symptoms.
- Blood in the urine, even a single episode
- Blood in urine found on a routine test
Seek Urgent Care
Call for emergency care immediately if you notice any of the following.
- Heavy visible blood with clots
- Blood in urine with severe pain or fever
Not Sure What You Need?
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